based on Britz et al. (2019). The Aachen List of Trait Words. Journal of Psycholinguistic Research, 48(5), 1111-1132
Frequency of each word in the German language indicated by frequency categories, calculated with reference to the most common German word. A word is assigned to a particular frequency class (N), if the most common German word “der, die, das” (engl.:“the”) is about 2N- times more common than the respective word. Example: “der, die, das” (engl.: “the”) is about four times more common than “und” (engl.: and). As 4 = 22 (and therefore N = 2), the word “und” is assigned to the frequency class 2. Frequency data were taken from the project “DeReWo—Corpus-based lemma and word form lists” of the “Institute for the German Language” (“Institut für Deutsche Sprache”). Frequency data of this project is freely accessible online. (Institut für Deutsche Sprache. (2014). Korpusbasierte Wortgrundformenliste DEREWO, DeReKo-2014-IIMainArchive-STT.100000, Institut für Deutsche Sprache, Programmbereich Korpuslinguistik, Mannheim, Deutschland. Retreived from https://www.ids-mannheim.de/digspra/kl/projekte/methoden-neu/derewo/)
Frequency of appearance (of each word) per million words (log10). To avoid negative values, the normalized value for each word was added by 1 before logarithms were taken (log10). Frequency data were taken from the project “dlexDB” (Heister, J., Würzner, K.-M., Bubenzer, J., Pohl, E., Hanneforth, T., Geyken, A., et al. (2011). dlexDB–eine lexikalische Datenbank für die psychologische und linguistische Forschung. Psychologische Rundschau, 10, 10. https://doi.org/10.1026/0033-3042/a000029.) of the University of Potsdam in cooperation with the “Projekt Digitales Wörterbuch der deutschen Sprache” (DWDS, Berlin-Brandenburgische Akademie der Wissenschaften). Frequency data of this project is freely accessible online. Retrieved from: http://www.dlexdb.de/query/kern/typposlem/list/.
Mean valence ratings of the total sample (N=100) with negative values for negative valence and positive values for positive valence (7-point scale).
Wording of rating instruction (Britz et a., 2019):
Instruction of the valence condition:
“In the following, words should be rated on their emotional content/emotional meaning. Words can have a positive or negative meaning to varying degrees. Please rate the following words according to whether they have a positive or rather a negative emotional meaning. Any word that has a positive meaning from your personal point of view, should be given a positive value. Those words, which in your opinion have a negative emotional meaning, should be given a negative value. The numeric value should reflect the extent/intensity of emotional content that you associate with this trait. If a word has, in your point of view, a very positive emotional meaning, please insert an “x” in the column labeled with “+ 3”. If a word has, in your point of view, a very negative emotional meaning, please insert an “x” in the column labeled with “− 3”. Numeric values vary between - 3 and + 3. The value 0 stands for a neutral emotional meaning. Do not restrict yourself to a limited range of the scale, but make use of all values between - 3 and + 3.”
Standard deviation of valence ratings. See Britz et al. (2019) for more details.
Mean social desirability ratings of the total sample (N=100) with negative values for socially undesirable traits and positive values for socially desirable traits (7-point scale).
Wording of rating instruction (Britz et a., 2019):
Instruction of the social desirability condition:
“In the following, words should be rated on their social desirability. Personality traits can be socially desirable to varying degrees, that is to say, they correspond to society´s expectations more or less. Please rate the following words according to whether they are socially desirable or undesirable traits. Any word that is considered as a desirable trait in our society, should be given a positive value. Those words, which are considered as undesirable traits in our society, should be given a negative value. The numeric value should reflect the extent/intensity of social desirability that you associate with this trait. If you consider a word as very socially desirable, please insert an “x” in the column labeled with “+ 3”. If you consider a word as very socially undesirable, please insert an “x” in the column labeled with “− 3”. Numeric values vary between - 3 and + 3. The value 0 stands for traits considered as neutral, that is to say neither desirable nor undesirable. Do not restrict yourself to a limited range of the scale, but make use of all values between - 3 and + 3.”
Standard deviation of social desirability ratings. See Britz et. al. (2019) for more details.